1️⃣ What is a Verb?
A verb is a word that shows action 🏃♂️ or a state of being 🧘.
✅ Examples of Action Verbs: run, eat, write, jump, sing
✅ Examples of State Verbs: be, seem, feel, believe, love
📌 Sentence Examples:
- She runs every morning. 🏃♀️
- I am happy today. 😊
- They play football. ⚽
2️⃣ Types of Verbs
1. Action Verbs (Dynamic Verbs) 🏃♂️
Verbs that describe physical or mental actions.
✅ Examples:
- He writes a letter. ✍️
- They play chess. ♟️
- I think about my future. 🤔
2. State Verbs (Non-Action Verbs) 🧘♀️
Verbs that describe a state, feeling, or condition.
✅ Examples:
- She loves music. 🎵
- This cake tastes delicious. 🎂
- I know the answer. ✅
📌 State verbs are NOT usually used in continuous tenses!
❌ Wrong: I am loving this song.
✅ Correct: I love this song.
3. Auxiliary (Helping) Verbs 🤝
Used to help the main verb in a sentence.
✅ Primary Auxiliary Verbs:
- Be (am, is, are, was, were) → I am reading. 📖
- Have (have, has, had) → She has finished her work. ✅
- Do (do, does, did) → He does not like tea. ☕❌
✅ Modal Verbs (Possibility, Ability, Necessity):
- can, could, may, might, will, shall, should, must
- Example: You must study hard. 📚
3️⃣ What are Tenses? ⏳
Tenses tell us when an action happens: past, present, or future.
1. Present Tenses (Now) ⏳🟢
| Tense | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Subject + V1 (base verb) | She sings well. 🎤 |
| Present Continuous | Subject + am/is/are + V-ing | They are playing football. ⚽ |
| Present Perfect | Subject + have/has + V3 (past participle) | I have finished my homework. ✅ |
| Present Perfect Continuous | Subject + have/has been + V-ing | She has been studying all day. 📚 |
📌 When to use:
- Simple: Habit, fact (I wake up early.)
- Continuous: Action happening now (She is eating.)
- Perfect: Completed action (I have visited Paris.)
- Perfect Continuous: Action started in the past and still happening (I have been working here for 2 years.)
2. Past Tenses (Before Now) ⏳🔵
| Tense | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Past Simple | Subject + V2 (past form) | She sang beautifully. 🎤 |
| Past Continuous | Subject + was/were + V-ing | They were playing football. ⚽ |
| Past Perfect | Subject + had + V3 | I had finished my homework before dinner. 🍽️ |
| Past Perfect Continuous | Subject + had been + V-ing | She had been studying for hours. 📚 |
📌 When to use:
- Simple: Completed past action (I went to school.)
- Continuous: Action happening at a past time (They were watching TV at 8 PM.)
- Perfect: Past action before another past action (I had eaten before you arrived.)
- Perfect Continuous: Long action before another past action (He had been working there for 5 years.)
3. Future Tenses (After Now) ⏳🔴
| Tense | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Future Simple | Subject + will + V1 | She will sing tomorrow. 🎤 |
| Future Continuous | Subject + will be + V-ing | They will be playing football. ⚽ |
| Future Perfect | Subject + will have + V3 | I will have finished my work by 5 PM. ✅ |
| Future Perfect Continuous | Subject + will have been + V-ing | She will have been studying for 3 hours. 📚 |
📌 When to use:
- Simple: Decision, prediction (I will call you.)
- Continuous: Action happening at a future time (They will be sleeping at 10 PM.)
- Perfect: Completed action before a future time (I will have completed my work by Monday.)
- Perfect Continuous: Ongoing action before a future time (By next year, he will have been working here for 10 years.)
4️⃣ Common Verb Mistakes & How to Fix Them
❌ Wrong: She don’t like coffee. ☕
✅ Correct: She doesn’t like coffee.
❌ Wrong: He go to school every day. 🏫
✅ Correct: He goes to school every day.
❌ Wrong: I was sleep when you called. 📞
✅ Correct: I was sleeping when you called.
❌ Wrong: I will going to the party. 🎉
✅ Correct: I will go to the party.
5️⃣ Practice Sentences
Fill in the blanks with the correct verb form:
- She always __ (wake) up early in the morning.
- They __ (watch) a movie right now.
- I __ (visit) London last year.
- By next week, we __ (finish) our project.
- He __ (work) here for five years now.
Here are the answers! ✅
- She always wakes up early in the morning. ⏰
- They are watching a movie right now. 🎬
- I visited London last year. 🇬🇧
- By next week, we will have finished our project. 📑
- He has been working here for five years now. 💼